Tuesday, May 24, 2016

DNA methylation specifies cell type but not stemness

Paper:

DNA methylation dynamics during intestinal stem cell differentiation reveals enhancers driving gene expression in the villus

Takeaway

There is very little difference in DNA methylation between adult intestinal stem cells and the fully differentiatiated villus cells deriving from them. Only a couple of ten promoters show differential DNA methylation.
DNA methylation defines cell type, not status of differemtiation.
There are hypomethylated regions in differentiated cells, their expression increased - transcription factor binding? Histone modifications also observed with DMRs (differentially methylated regions)
Slight general hypomethylation was observed  in differentiated cells.

Thoughts:

The driver behind aging related  hypermethylation  -  maybe reduced TF binding over time?
Aging related hypomethylation - lack of methylation maintenance  ?

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